Conservatism

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"People will not look forward to posterity, who never look backward to their ancestors."

Conservatism is a way of looking at social reality in an essentialist and teleological way, assuming the existence of an order and a natural law knowable by reason, revelation, or tradition. Conservatives emphasize duty, virtue, and human nature as well as seek to maintain the social order and their country's traditional values, they usually seek to preserve a range of institutions like religion with the aim of emphasizing social stability and continuity. But with time, this thinking was somewhat alienated from politics. Overall, conservatism is an economically and civically variable, culturally right ideology although a few conservatives ideologies are culturally center.

Variants

Atheist Conservatism

Atheist Conservatism is a variant of conservatism that relies on secular arguments for upholding traditional societal standards, and believes that religions aren't needed to uphold the stability of society [4] [5]. This kind of conservatism is seen with Cultural Christians.

Religious Conservatism

Religious Conservatism principally applies the teachings of particular religions to politics: sometimes by merely proclaiming the value of those teachings; at other times, by having those teachings influence laws.

History

The first established use of the term "conservatism" in a political context originated in 1818 with François-René de Chateaubriand. Conservatism has since been used to describe a wide range of views that aim to maintain certain traditional views, but no single set of policies is associated with the term.

United States

The meaning of "conservatism" in the United States is quite different in comparison with what people from other parts of the world consider conservatism; when they talk about conservatism they usually refer to Liberalism or Neoliberalism. Since the 1950s, conservatism in the United States has been chiefly associated with the Republican Party. However, during the era of segregation, many Southern Democrats were the ones considered conservatives.

The characteristics defining conservatism in the United States include support for the traditional family, law and order, the right to bear arms, Christian values, anti-socialism, and defense of "Western civilization, its traditions, and way of life". About major economic policies in general that they defend are, along with Libertarians, favor, low taxes, limited regulation, and free enterprise, although most conservatives in the US are also Keynesian, which are the economic policies that mostly differentiate them from most Libertarians. Some of them also see religion as an important part of Western Civilization and are opposed to secularism, and separation of the church and the state.

They are also considered Neoconservatives and foreign interventionists, assimilationists, and at some points also imperialists, they believe in strong morals and are in favor of intervening in other places that do not align with these values. Another part of American conservatism is trying to stop the spread of Socialism.

Other modern GOP positions include deregulation and opposition to environmentalism. Some conservatives, such as paleoconservatives, libertarian conservatives, and paleolibertarians advocate for a non-interventionist foreign policy. Economic Liberalism and social conservatism are major principles of the Republican Party, but they are not in opposition to bail-outs and, in general, certain interventionism.

Germany

In Germany, Conservatism grew alongside Nationalism, resulting in Germany's victory over France in the Franco-Prussian War, the formation of the United German Empire in 1871, and Otto von Bismarck's simultaneous rise in the European political stage.

With the rise of Nazism in 1933, agrarian movements faded away, replaced by a more command-based economy and forced social integration. Although Adolf Hitler was able to win the support of many German industrialists, prominent traditionalists opposed his policies of euthanasia, genocide, and attacks on organized religion.

More recently, the work of the conservative Christian Democratic Union leader and Chancellor Helmut Kohl has helped bring about German reunification and closer European integration in the form of the Maastricht Treaty.

Today, German conservatism is often linked to politicians such as Angela Merkel. Who can be defined by her marked attempts to save the common European currency (Euro) from devaluation and other certainly important financial issues.

France

Another form of conservatism developed in France in parallel to conservatism in Britain. It was influenced by Counter-Enlightenment works by men such as Joseph de Maistre and Louis de Bonald. Many continentals or traditionalist conservatives do not support the separation of church and state, with most supporting state recognition of and cooperation with the Catholic Church, such as had existed in France before the Revolution.

They also added patriotism, and Nationalism to the list of traditional values they support. Conservatives were the first to embrace Nationalism and the Revolution in France, contemporary conservatism in France is deeply influenced by Gaullism and one of his main representatives is the ex-president Nikolas Sarkozy and his party.

Spain

The People's Party was created in January 1989 by a "refoundation" of the People's Alliance (AP).

This federation of conservative parties was founded in 1976 by former personalities of the Franco regime who had decided not to join the Union of the Democratic Center (UCD). Its main leader is the former Francoist minister Manuel Fraga.

The AP entered into a deep crisis after its 1987 congress, which followed the failure of the Popular Coalition in the June 1986 elections and the distribution of Fraga. The latter finally decides to take over the leadership of the party and to ensure a profound renovation. The January 1989 congress, therefore, marked the birth of the People's Party, which broadened its ideological base to the ideals of Economic liberalism and Christian democracy. It then absorbed the Liberal Party (PL) and the Christian Democracy (DC), becoming the hegemonic party of the center-right and the right in Spain.

On September 4, the PP invests by the decision of Fraga the president of the Junta of Castile, and León José María Aznar leader for the anticipated general elections of the following month, after having dismissed Isabel Tocino and Marcelino Oreja. During the ballot, Aznar failed to break the glass ceiling which had blocked the Spanish right since 1982 with 25.8% of the vote and 107 deputies out of 350. A new congress, convened in April 1990, carried Aznar to the presidency of the Party popular, while Manuel Fraga received the title of founding president.

Russia

Under Vladimir Putin, the dominant leader since 1999, Russia has promoted explicitly conservative policies in social, cultural, and political matters, both at home and abroad but has attacked multiple times economic Liberalism, which differentiates them from other conservatives. Putinist conservatism is unique in some respects as it supports economic intervention with a mixed economy, with strong nationalist sentiment and social conservatism, opposing largely most of the Libertarians' ideals. Unlike most Western conservatives, Putin's version promotes a Kleptocratic form of government over a democratic one, is Elitist and mostly opposed to populism.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Politics

When he was young Dostoevsky enjoyed reading Nikolai Karamzin's History of the Russian State, which praised conservatism and Russian independence, ideas that Dostoevsky would embrace in life. Before his arrest for participating in the Petrashevsky Circle in 1849, Dostoevsky said, "As far as I am concerned, nothing was ever more ridiculous than the idea of a republican government in Russia." In an 1881 edition of his Diaries, Dostoevsky stated that the Tsar and the people should form a unity: "For the people, the tsar is not an external power, not the power of some conqueror ... but a power of all the people, an all-unifying power the people themselves desired."


While critical of serfdom, Dostoevsky was skeptical about the creation of a constitution, he viewed it as unrelated to Russia's history. He described it as "gentleman's rule" and believed that "a constitution would simply enslave the people". He advocated social change instead, for example, the removal of the feudal system and a weakening of the divisions between the peasantry and the affluent classes. His ideal was a utopian, Christianized Russia where "if everyone were actively Christian, not a single social question would come up ... If they were Christians they would settle everything". He thought democracy and oligarchy were poor systems; of France, he wrote, "the oligarchs are only concerned with the interest of the wealthy; the democrats, only with the interest of the poor; but the interests of society, the interest of all and the future of France as a whole—no one there bothers about these things." He maintained that political parties ultimately led to social discord. In the 1860s, he discovered Pochvennichestvo, a movement similar to Slavophilism in that it rejected Europe's culture and contemporary philosophical movements, such as nihilism and materialism. Pochvennichestvo differed from Slavophilism in aiming to establish, not an isolated Russia, but a more open state modeled on the Russia of Peter the Great.


In his incomplete article "Socialism and Christianity", Dostoevsky claimed that civilization ("the second stage in human history") had become degraded and that it was moving towards liberalism and losing its faith in God. He asserted that the traditional concept of Christianity should be recovered. He thought that contemporary Western Europe had "rejected the single formula for their salvation that came from God and was proclaimed through revelation, 'Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself', and replaced it with practical conclusions such as, 'Chacun pour soi et Dieu pour tous' [Every man for himself and God for all], or "scientific" slogans like 'the struggle for survival.'" He considered this crisis to be the consequence of the collision between communal and individual interests, brought about by a decline in religious and moral principles.


Dostoevsky distinguished three "enormous world ideas" prevalent in his time: Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and (Russian) Orthodoxy. He claimed that Catholicism had continued the tradition of Imperial Rome and had thus become anti-Christian and proto-socialist since the Church's interest in political and mundane affairs led it to abandon the idea of Christ. For Dostoevsky, socialism was "the latest incarnation of the Catholic idea" and its "natural ally". He found Protestantism self-contradictory and claimed that it would ultimately lose power and spirituality. He deemed (Russian) Orthodoxy to be the ideal form of Christianity.


For all that, to place Dostoevsky politically is not that simple, but: as a Christian, he rejected atheistic socialism; as a traditionalist, he rejected the destruction of the institutions; and, as a pacifist, he rejected any violent method or upheaval led by either progressives or reactionaries. He supported private property and business rights and did not agree with many criticisms of the free market from the socialist utopians of his time.


During the Russo-Turkish War, Dostoevsky asserted that war might be necessary if salvation were to be granted. He wanted the Muslim Ottoman Empire eliminated and the Christian Byzantine Empire restored, and he hoped for the liberation of the Balkan Slavs and their unification with the Russian Empire.

Ethnic beliefs

Many characters in Dostoevsky's works, including Jews, have been described as displaying negative stereotypes. In an 1877 letter to Arkady Kovner, a Jew who had accused Dostoevsky of antisemitism, he replied with the following:


"I am not an enemy of the Jews at all and never have been. But as you say, its 40-century existence proves that this tribe has exceptional vitality, which would not help, during its history, taking the form of various Status in Statu ... how can they fail to find themselves, even if only partially, at variance with the indigenous population – the Russian tribe?"


Dostoevsky held to a Pan-Slavic ideology that was conditioned by the Ottoman occupations of Eastern Europe. In 1876, the Slavic populations of Serbia and Bulgaria rose up against their Ottoman overlords, but the rebellion was put down. In the process, an estimated 12,000 people were killed. In his diaries, he scorned Westerners and those who were against the Pan-Slavic movement. This ideology was motivated in part by the desire to promote a common Orthodox Christian heritage, which he saw as both unifying as well as a force for liberation.

Religious Beliefs

Dostoevsky was an Orthodox Christian who was raised in a religious family and knew the Gospel from a very young age. He was influenced by the Russian translation of Johannes Hübner's One Hundred and Four Sacred Stories from the Old and New Testaments Selected for Children (partly a German bible for children and partly a catechism). He attended Sunday liturgies from an early age and took part in annual pilgrimages to the St. Sergius Trinity Monastery. A deacon at the hospital gave him religious instruction. Among his most cherished childhood memories were reciting prayers in front of guests and reading passages from the Book of Job that impressed him while "still almost a child."


According to an officer at the military academy, Dostoevsky was profoundly religious, followed Orthodox practice, and regularly read the Gospels and Heinrich Zschokke's Die Stunden der Andacht ("Hours of Devotion"), which "preached a sentimental version of Christianity entirely free from dogmatic content and with a strong emphasis on giving Christian love a social application." This book may have prompted his later interest in Christian socialism. Through the literature of Hoffmann, Balzac, Eugène Sue, and Goethe, Dostoevsky created his belief system, similar to Russian sectarianism and the Old Belief. After his arrest, aborted execution, and subsequent imprisonment, he focused intensely on the figure of Christ and the New Testament: the only book allowed in prison. In a January 1854 letter to the woman who had sent him the New Testament, Dostoevsky wrote that he was a "child of unbelief and doubt up to this moment, and I am certain that I shall remain so to the grave." He also wrote that "even if someone were to prove to me that the truth lay outside Christ, I should choose to remain with Christ rather than with the truth."


In Semipalatinsk, Dostoevsky revived his faith by looking frequently at the stars. Wrangel said that he was "rather pious, but did not often go to church, and disliked priests, especially the Siberian ones. But he spoke about Christ ecstatically." Two pilgrimages and two works by Dmitri Rostovsky, an archbishop who influenced Ukrainian and Russian literature by composing groundbreaking religious plays, strengthened his beliefs. Through his visits to Western Europe and discussions with Herzen, Grigoriev, and Strakhov, Dostoevsky discovered the Pochvennichestvo movement and the theory that the Catholic Church had adopted the principles of rationalism, legalism, materialism, and individualism from ancient Rome and had passed on its philosophy to Protestantism and consequently to atheistic socialism.

United Kingdom

Conservatism in the United Kingdom is similar to its counterparts in other Western nations, but has a distinct tradition and has varied over time.

During and after World War II, the Conservative Party made concessions to Democratic Socialist's policies of the left. The basis of the post-war consensus was the Beveridge Report. Between 1945 and 1970 (consensus years) unemployment averaged less than 3% as "full employment" was the policy of both Conservative and Labour governments. The post-war consensus included a belief in Keynesian economics, a mixed economy with the nationalization of major industries, the establishment of the National Health Service, and the establishment of a modern welfare state in Britain.

However, in the 1980s, under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher, and the influence of Keith Joseph, there was a dramatic shift in the ideological direction of British conservatism, with a movement towards, what are considered free-market economic policies and reforms.

In efforts to rebrand and increase the party's appeal, following three consecutive defeats in the general elections, both leaders have adopted policies that align with more moderate views. This has included a "greener" environmental and energy stance, and the adoption of some socially modernist views, such as acceptance of same-sex marriage. However, these policies have been accompanied by fiscal conservatism, in which they have maintained a hard stance on bringing down the deficit, and embarked upon a program of economic austerity.

Personality

Conservatism loves tradition and old values. He usually does not like LGBTQ+ advocates , but sometimes accepts Homoconservatism. He is accused of being racist and xenophobic by Progressivism, but insists that it's actually his opponents who are "the real racists". He thinks that women and men are fundamentally different.

Stylistic Notes

  • He votes for various center-right political parties (Republican Party of America, Conservative Party of England, Conservative Party of Canada, Republican Party of France, etc).
  • He does not like left wing ideologies like socialism, communism, anarcho-communism, etc.
  • He loves his country, almost as much as National Conservatism.

How to Draw

Plain Style

Flag of Conservatism
  1. Draw a ball
  2. Fill in the ball with light blue
  3. Draw a white feather
  4. Add eyes to the ball

You are done!

Color Name HEX RGB
Light Blue #0183BE 1, 131, 190
White #FFFFFF 255, 255, 255


US Style

Flag of Conservatism (US design)
  1. Draw a ball
  2. Fill the top half of the ball with blue and the bottom half red, making the ball a bicolor
  3. Draw three white stars in the top bar (In reference to the symbols of the Democratic and the Republican Party respectively)
  4. Add the eyes
  5. Optional props:
    1. A MAGA cap
    2. Sunglasses (used for US-centric balls like the USA in Polandball)

You're done!

Color Name HEX RGB
Blue #3F48CC 63, 72, 204
Red #ED1C24 237, 28, 36
White #FFFFFF 255, 255, 255


UK Style

Flag of Conservatism (UK design)
  1. Draw a ball
  2. Fill the ball with light blue
  3. Draw a white squiggly tree in the middle
  4. Add the eyes
  5. Optional props:
    1. Top hat and a monocle (used in UK-centered balls like United Kingdom in Polandball)
    2. A cup of tea (commonly consumed beverage in the UK)
    3. Brexit hat or cap
    4. A burning flag of the EU

You are finished!

Color Name HEX RGB
Light Cyan #00B0EF 0, 176, 239
White #FFFFFF 255, 255, 255


French Style

Flag of Conservatism (French design)
  1. Draw a ball
  2. Fill in the ball with White
  3. Color the left half of the ball Radio Blue
  4. Color in the right bar with Pinkish Red
  5. Draw the logo of the French Republican Party in the middle
  6. Add two eyes
  7. (Optional) Give the ball a beret

You're done!

Color Name HEX RGB
Radio Blue #002394 0, 35, 148
White #FFFFFF 255, 255, 255
Pinkish Red #ED2B3A 237, 43, 58
Navy Blue #143C77 20, 60, 119
Scarlet #EE2722 238, 39, 34


Relationships

Family

Confusing

  • Authoritarian Conservatism - My son who sometimes goes crazy.
  • Liberalism - You know, you are a strange one, broadly our relations are mixed e.g. I hate on cultural aspects of modern liberalism, but not necessarily your economics.
  • Classical Liberalism - Predecessor of the above, he granted me good ideas about the economy and limited government but he sometimes can be a kinda progressive, George Washington was one of the greatest men in history also John Locke and Adam Smith are gems.
  • National Liberalism - Usually you're similar to natcon but sometimes you can be degenerate .
  • Neoliberalism - We both love Reagan and Thatcher, but for very different reasons, and most of your modern supporters are too progressive.
  • Liberal Conservatism - My, let's say, disappointing son... I hope he mans up sometime...
  • Reactionary Liberalism - With the opposite problem which paradoxically makes him better, still you go too far.
  • Reactionaryism - I just want to conserve culture, not hop into a time machine and go 600 years back. But Falun Gong is still better than CCP.
    • - And hwaet hath thou conserved?
  • Libertarian Conservatism & Paleolibertarianism - Libertarians who understand the greatness of tradition! Wait, what do you mean weed and porn is fine?!
  • Anarcho-Conservatism - My weird son.
  • Conservative Feminism - Always complains about me forgetting her birthday!
  • Homoconservatism - He's gay, however, he does value tradition, which I can respect. Still prefer traditional family values.
  • Progressive Conservatism - Pick a side already, damn it!
  • Rockefeller Republicanism - Ike did an excellent job just stop being such as wiener...
  • Neoconservatism - My son shares some of my values but always drags me into long wars, sometimes even against fellow tradition fans.
  • Conservative Socialism - My commie son, we both hate progressives but argue over economics.
  • Reactionary Socialism - A leftoid who is also going way too far.
  • Neoreactionaryism - A weird technophile geek who also likes to go too far.
  • Alt-Lite - Good to see that some kids these days see the value of tradition, but you really need to take some time off the internet. You mostly concentrate on political incorrectness rather than tradition. But you REALLY need to stop hanging out with him. We don't want everyone think we're literal Nazis, do we?
  • Jacksonian Democracy - Better than the rest of the Democrats and my son likes you for some reason but don't piss off my family. And your racism is bad for PR.
  • Multiculturalism - I like that you respect cultures, but most of your followers are degenerate SJWs.
  • Christian Socialism - Love your Christian values, but why are you a leftie?
  • Dengism - I don't like your domestic policies but you call many Western conservatives such as Kissinger, Bush I, PIS and Pinera among others "friends of the Chinese people" and you're a good improvement over Maoism. But some of my followers, such as Trump or the Australian Liberals, don't have the best relationships with you.
  • Police Statism - BLUE LIVES MATTER! I won't follow mask mandates though.
  • Manosphere - Based tradition defender and feminist's worst nightmare but there's no redpill I need to swallow. Plus, stop complaining about women, not all of them are like that. Also, what do you think of Thatcher? And Tate is an immoral boy.
  • Hayekism - What do you mean, you're "not a conservative"?
  • Radical Centrism - You're like this guy but more general about things. So, do you support my ideas or not? I can't really understand.
  • Neo-Ottomanism - Take a cool bath, seriously...
  • Korwinism - I don't know if you're a genius or just crazy.
  • Gandhian Socialism - Your pro-life stance, defense of culture, and sympathy for Christianity are all wise points just you're a bit progressive in a sense and polygamy is disgusting.
  • Longism - I admire a lot of your points, especially Religious Values and helping The Poor but your commmie-fascistic tendencies remind me of someone.
  • Hindutva - My "Different" great-grandson from India. Narendra Modi is pretty much let's say the "nicest" thing about you.
  • Nazism - Too modernist.
  • Fascism - Why cultural centre?

Degenerates

  • Marxism–Leninism - Anti-traditional communist scum and my archenemy from 1917-1991.
  • Leninism - Aren't you the same as the previous guy?
  • Maoism - Damn you and your destruction of culture! But at least you like Nixon.
  • Futurism - Boy what the fuck is wrong with you?
  • Stransserism - Trans commie Nazis are oppressing the REAL men/women!
  • Alt-Right - Stop infiltrating the GOP, fascist scum and go and support Biden as your leader did. At least some of you support Trump.
    • YOU ARE TOO SOFT ON THE LEFT, TIME FOR THE NEXT GENERATION TO RISE!
  • Anarcho-Communism - Insane Communist Terrorist Antifa Pinko who calls me a fascist!
  • State Atheism - Go get fresh air and clean up!
  • Clerical Fascism - No, you don't protect religion, you just twist it. Also, Fuentes is a degenerate.
  • ANTIFA - The real fascists! If you actually hated fascism and not just the people who disagree with you, you would idolize people like Pilecki, Urbanowicz, Churchill, Eisenhower and De Gaulle, not some Far-Left 16-year old's living in their basement, living on energy drinks, doping and panicking after reading comments.
  • Homofascism - Even more degenerate than Nazi.
  • Esoteric Fascism - Same as above, but worse. You belong in the hospital, pagan schizo.
  • Progressivism - Degenerate hippie and my eternal enemy. Trying to destroy both me and tradition- what's next, Pedo Rights? Quit calling me a cuckservative when you keep up the orgies like a degenerate. It hurts my feelings, okay?!
  • Revolutionary Progressivism - *Gets into a shootout*
  • LGBT+ - What you are doing is a choice.
  • Pink Capitalism - The companies have betrayed us and promote degeneracy to enrich themselves.
  • State Liberalism - What the hell is this abomination?
  • Neo-Marxism - The post-modern Neo-Marxists post leftist trying to destroy all our Judeo-Christian values with their post-Marxist neo-modern hardcore crab sex!
  • Democratism - You used to be okay, at least in social aspects, but you have now moved to the woke radical left. The “Squad” is just a bunch of neo-Marxist scums who want to destroy the United States. But at least you still have people like Manchin, who is okayish. I wonder how long it would take for you to become a full socialist party.
  • Satanic Theocracy - SATAN! THE POWER OF CHRIST COMPELS YOU! This is the "great" future that wokies want for the world.
  • Secular Satanism - Literally the same as above.
  • Anarcho-Primitivism - You're taking this WAY too far.
  • Primalism - Bruh...
  • Liberal Feminism - Don't kick the Goddamn baby! Haha, Roe v. Wade go bye-bye!
  • Crusadism & Jihadism - Can't you see you are destroying tradition with your stupid wars? All religions are important for our heritage.
  • Third Way - Literally OBAMA!
  • Social Democracy - Ah yes, the RADICAL LEFT.
  • Soulism - Quit your disgusting drug addiction, go outside and socialize, get a wife, start a family, get a job and finally be a FUNCTIONAL MEMBER of society, you lazy junkyard!!! At least you are partially spiritual and don't like materialist hedonism.
  • Anarcho-Egoism - Do you have any sense of morality, for God's sake?!
    • Why is God's cause supposed to be MY cause?
    • You're proving my point.
  • Illegalism - Likes drugs, murder, abortion, rape, theft, and other grave actions? Get the death penalty!
  • Avaritionism - Aren't you that thing above again?! Well, the death penalty for you too, psycho! But you also hate those degenerate communist hippies.
  • White Nationalism - Aren't you just one of the Democrats? And I won't forgive David Duke for trying to infiltrate the GOP. You make us all look bad!

Further Information

Literature

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By Country

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Brazil

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United States

UK

Notes

  1. Depends mainly on the cultural context; importance of free-market economics and capitalism within it.
  2. Context dependent: in countries with long-established constitutions, the rule of law tends to be of greater importance than those with short-lived ones.
  3. Sleaze and cronyism is currently a huge problem within the Conservative party, with the Boris Johnson government suffering significantly from allegations of alleged corruption.
  4. Some Canadian Conservatives tend to be more moderate on certain questions, including social views, while advocating economic liberalism.

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